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Cognitative Learning Theory

Presentation day: 29 May 2023

流程安排

Speech Content

Module Content Asignee
Module 1 How this theory come? Jean
Module 2 What’s the concept? Dan
Module 3 Best practices Yue
Module 4 What problems can be solved? Juan
Module 5 Tolman maze experiment on mice Yan
Module 6 Feynman’s learning method Le
Module 7 Summary Xu

Pre

Good day, Mr Chen and my fellow classmates, this is Team 10 on Cognitative learning, if you have trouble on listening the English, please click the following link (https://docs.donacoo.com/lang/english/herba_squad.html) our speaking content and the Chinese translation will be on the linking page. ready? Here we go:

陈先生和我的同学们，大家好，这里是认知学习第 10 组，如果您在英语听力理解方面有困难，请点击以下链接 我们的演讲内容和相关的中文翻译将在链接页面上。准备好了吗？开始了：

Module 1: How this theory come? (by Jean)

Cognitive learning theory is rooted in the work of Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget. Piaget’s theory highlights the fact that an individual’s ability to learn is largely dependent on their cognitive development. According to Piaget, cognitive development follows a particular sequence starting from infancy up until adolescence. Later on, other psychologists and educators built on Piaget’s theory, creating a deeper understanding of cognitive processes in learning

认知学习理论源于瑞士心理学家 Jean Piaget 的工作。 皮亚杰的理论强调了一个人的学习能力在很大程度上取决于他们的认知发展。 根据皮亚杰的理论，认知发展遵循从婴儿期到青春期的特定顺序。 后来，其他心理学家和教育家在皮亚杰的理论基础上进行了拓展，深入理解了学习中的认知过程。

Module 2: Concept explaination (by Dan)

In cognitive learning theory, learning is described as a process of mental activity that involves encoding information, intervening cognitive processes, and storage and retrieval of that information. This process is often referred to as the “cognitive learning loop.”

在认知学习理论中，学习被描述为涉及信息编码、干预认知过程以及信息的存储和检索的一种心理活动过程。这个过程通常被称为“认知学习循环”。

The theory highlights several key concepts such as comprehension, memory, and application in the learning process. Comprenhension is crucial for effective learning as learners need to engage with the information in a meaningful way to make sense of it. Memory is also an important aspect of cognitive learning theory which is to relate new information with your previous experiences to build deep connections, Finally, application is to apply existing knowledge and experiences to real life situations, and reflect on topics you are learning.

该理论强调了学习过程中的关键概念，如理解、记忆和应用。对于有效的学习来说，理解是至关重要的，因为学习者需要以有意义的方式与信息进行互动，以便理解其含义。记忆也是认知学习理论中的重要方面，即将新信息与您的先前经验相关联，建立深层次的联系。最后，应用是将现有的知识和经验应用于现实生活中，并反思你所学习的主题。

Through this process, learners construct their understanding of the world around them and facilitate the transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory.

通过这个过程，学习者构建他们对周围世界的理解，并促进信息从短期记忆到长期记忆的转移。

Module 3: Best practices (by Yue)

In cognitive learning theory, the information processing model describes how learners acquire and process information. According to this model, information is received through the sensory memory, passes through the working memory, and is committed to long-term memory. During this process, learners use executive functions and cognitive strategies like repetition and elaboration to facilitate memorization and recall.

在认知学习理论中，信息处理模型描述了学习者如何获取和处理信息的过程。根据这个模型，信息被接收到感觉记忆中，经过工作记忆，并被储存到长期记忆中。在这个过程中，学习者使用执行功能和认知策略，如重复和延伸，以促进记忆和回忆。

Module 4: What problems does it solve? (by Juan)

Cognitive learning theory has been applied in a variety of learning contexts including schools, workplaces, and even in therapy. In the classroom, teachers who apply this theory use a variety of strategies such as visual aids, storytelling, and role-playing to help students construct meaning from new information. In the workplace, trainers use cognitive learning theory to develop training programs that take into account individual prior knowledge and experience.

认知学习理论已应用于各种学习环境，包括学校、工作场所，甚至在治疗中也起到了重要作用。在课堂上，应用这个理论的老师会使用各种策略，如视觉辅助工具、故事叙述和角色扮演等，帮助学生从新信息中构建意义。在工作场所，培训师使用认知学习理论开发培训课程，考虑到个体先前的知识和经验。

One potential drawback of cognitive learning theory is the assumption that cognitive development occurs in a predetermined sequence. The theory does not take into account the fact that individuals may develop their cognitive abilities at different rates. It is, therefore, important to recognize and cater to individual differences in cognitive development when designing learning environments.

认知学习理论的一个潜在缺陷是假设认知发展遵循预定的顺序。该理论没有考虑到不同个体在认知能力方面发展的速度可能不同。因此，在设计学习环境时，重要的是要认识到和考虑到个体认知发展的差异。

Module 5: Tolman maze experiment on mice (by Yan)

The maze has a starting point, a food box and three routes of different lengths The experimenters put the mice into the maze for a period of time and tested their learning results. The experimenters found that when all the passages were unobstructed or blocked, they could choose the one with the shortest distance and the least time-consuming.

这个迷宫有一个起点，一个食物盒和三种不同长度的路线。实验者将老鼠放入迷宫中一段时间，并测试它们的学习结果。实验者发现，无论所有通道是否被堵塞，老鼠都能选择最短距离和最少耗时的路线。

Tolman coined the term cognitive map, which is an internal representation (or image) of an external environmental feature or landmark. He thought that individuals acquire large numbers of cues (i.e. signals) from the environment and could use these to build a mental image of an environment (i.e. a cognitive map).

托尔曼创造了“认知地图”一词，它是外部环境特征或地标的内部表征（或形象化）。他认为，个体从环境中获得大量线索（即信号），并可以利用这些线索构建一个环境的心理图像（即认知地图）。

It can be seen that animals can active learning and choose the best. The study also shows that rats actively process information rather than operating on a stimulus response relationship.

可以看出，动物可以进行积极学习并选择最佳策略。该研究还表明，老鼠是积极地处理信息，而不是通过刺激响应关系来进行操作。

Module 6: Feynman’s learning method (by Le)

The core of Feynman’s learning method is to replace learning with teaching, emphasizing the closed-loop relationship between output and knowledge. If you can explain your knowledge to a novice or elementary school student in this field, it means that you truly understand and master it

费曼学习法的核心是用教学代替学习，强调输出和知识之间的闭环关系。如果您能够向一个新手或小学生解释这个领域中的知识，那么就意味着您真正理解并掌握了它。

Module 7: Summary (by Xu)

In conclusion, cognitive learning theory highlights the importance of understanding an individual’s cognitive processes in order to facilitate effective learning. It emphasizes the role of feedback in promoting good learning outcomes. While the theory has been applied in a variety of contexts with success, care should be taken to recognize and address individual differences in cognitive development.

总之，认知学习理论强调了理解个体认知过程以促进有效学习的重要性。它强调反馈在促进良好学习结果方面的作用。尽管该理论已经在各种环境中成功应用，但应注意认识和解决个体认知发展方面的差异

This is team 10 on Cognitative learning theory, thanks for your listening

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